Why Do My Eyes Twitch?

Eyelid twitching, or myokymia, is usually a benign, self-limiting, unilateral eye condition that causes the muscle in the eyelid to quiver rapidly. The episode typically lasts for a few seconds but may repeat throughout the day. The lower eyelid is more commonly affected than the upper eyelid. Symptoms are generally mild, causing irritation and nuisance, and rarely does it cause any pain.

The exact cause of myokymia is not well understood, but certain factors can worsen the condition. Excessive consumption of caffeine, energy drinks, and alcohol may trigger eyelid twitching. Lack of sleep, stress, anxiety, and excessive use of digital devices can also contribute to this condition. In some cases, eyelid myokymia is associated with disorders such as hemifacial spasm, blepharospasm, and multiple sclerosis.

Due to its benign nature, most patients recover without any treatment. While it may resolve within days, it can sometimes last for months in certain individuals. In mild cases, no treatment is necessary. However, if the twitching persists for several days, it is advisable to consult an eye doctor. Symptoms beyond twitching, such as pain, discharge from the eye, light sensitivity (photophobia), facial numbness, or blurred vision, should prompt an earlier visit to the doctor.

Antihistamine treatment can be helpful for some patients with myokymia. Reducing contributing factors such as excessive caffeine, energy drinks, and stress can also be effective. In some cases, myokymia may be caused by a magnesium deficiency. Incorporating magnesium-rich foods into the diet may help relieve symptoms. Botox injections are another treatment option for affected patients. When injected into the eyelid, Botox can provide relief for up to 3 months, and the treatment can be repeated as necessary. Anti-epileptic drugs may be beneficial in certain cases, and surgery is considered a last resort.